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An interessant case study published in « Case Studies in Engineering Failure Analysis« , on 09january 2013.
A pinhole in elbow section of oil piping system is formed by localized corrosion. The corrosion is found to result from sequential chlorination and sulfidation reactions : the chlorination results from hydrolysis of calcium chloride in the crude oil and the sulfidation results from hydrogen sulfide in the crude oil.
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